Library Coq.setoid_ring.Field_theory


Require Ring.
Import Ring_polynom Ring_tac Ring_theory InitialRing Setoid List Morphisms.
Require Import ZArith_base.
Set Implicit Arguments.

Section MakeFieldPol.


Variable R:Type.
Delimit Scope R_scope with ring.
Local Open Scope R_scope.

Variable (rO rI : R) (radd rmul rsub: R->R->R) (ropp : R->R).
Variable (rdiv : R->R->R) (rinv : R->R).
Variable req : R -> R -> Prop.

Notation "0" := rO : R_scope.
Notation "1" := rI : R_scope.
Infix "+" := radd : R_scope.
Infix "-" := rsub : R_scope.
Infix "*" := rmul : R_scope.
Infix "/" := rdiv : R_scope.
Notation "- x" := (ropp x) : R_scope.
Notation "/ x" := (rinv x) : R_scope.
Infix "==" := req (at level 70, no associativity) : R_scope.

Variable Rsth : Equivalence req.
Variable Reqe : ring_eq_ext radd rmul ropp req.
Variable SRinv_ext : forall p q, p == q -> / p == / q.

Record almost_field_theory : Prop := mk_afield {
 AF_AR : almost_ring_theory rO rI radd rmul rsub ropp req;
 AF_1_neq_0 : ~ 1 == 0;
 AFdiv_def : forall p q, p / q == p * / q;
 AFinv_l : forall p, ~ p == 0 -> / p * p == 1
}.

Section AlmostField.

Variable AFth : almost_field_theory.
Let ARth := AFth.(AF_AR).
Let rI_neq_rO := AFth.(AF_1_neq_0).
Let rdiv_def := AFth.(AFdiv_def).
Let rinv_l := AFth.(AFinv_l).

Add Morphism radd with signature (req ==> req ==> req) as radd_ext.
Add Morphism rmul with signature (req ==> req ==> req) as rmul_ext.
Add Morphism ropp with signature (req ==> req) as ropp_ext.
Add Morphism rsub with signature (req ==> req ==> req) as rsub_ext.
Add Morphism rinv with signature (req ==> req) as rinv_ext.

Let eq_trans := Setoid.Seq_trans _ _ Rsth.
Let eq_sym := Setoid.Seq_sym _ _ Rsth.
Let eq_refl := Setoid.Seq_refl _ _ Rsth.

Let radd_0_l := ARadd_0_l ARth.
Let radd_comm := ARadd_comm ARth.
Let radd_assoc := ARadd_assoc ARth.
Let rmul_1_l := ARmul_1_l ARth.
Let rmul_0_l := ARmul_0_l ARth.
Let rmul_comm := ARmul_comm ARth.
Let rmul_assoc := ARmul_assoc ARth.
Let rdistr_l := ARdistr_l ARth.
Let ropp_mul_l := ARopp_mul_l ARth.
Let ropp_add := ARopp_add ARth.
Let rsub_def := ARsub_def ARth.

Let radd_0_r := ARadd_0_r Rsth ARth.
Let rmul_0_r := ARmul_0_r Rsth ARth.
Let rmul_1_r := ARmul_1_r Rsth ARth.
Let ropp_0 := ARopp_zero Rsth Reqe ARth.
Let rdistr_r := ARdistr_r Rsth Reqe ARth.


Variable C: Type.
Delimit Scope C_scope with coef.

Variable (cO cI: C) (cadd cmul csub : C->C->C) (copp : C->C).
Variable ceqb : C->C->bool.
Variable phi : C -> R.

Variable CRmorph : ring_morph rO rI radd rmul rsub ropp req
                              cO cI cadd cmul csub copp ceqb phi.

Notation "0" := cO : C_scope.
Notation "1" := cI : C_scope.
Infix "+" := cadd : C_scope.
Infix "-" := csub : C_scope.
Infix "*" := cmul : C_scope.
Notation "- x" := (copp x) : C_scope.
Infix "=?" := ceqb : C_scope.
Notation "[ x ]" := (phi x) (at level 0).

Let phi_0 := CRmorph.(morph0).
Let phi_1 := CRmorph.(morph1).

Lemma ceqb_spec c c' : BoolSpec ([c] == [c']) True (c =? c')%coef.


Variable Cpow : Type.
Variable Cp_phi : N -> Cpow.
Variable rpow : R -> Cpow -> R.
Variable pow_th : power_theory rI rmul req Cp_phi rpow.
Variable get_sign : C -> option C.
Variable get_sign_spec : sign_theory copp ceqb get_sign.

Variable cdiv:C -> C -> C*C.
Variable cdiv_th : div_theory req cadd cmul phi cdiv.

Let rpow_pow := pow_th.(rpow_pow_N).


Delimit Scope PE_scope with poly.

Notation NPEeval := (PEeval rO rI radd rmul rsub ropp phi Cp_phi rpow).
Notation "P @ l" := (NPEeval l P) (at level 10, no associativity).


Notation "0" := (PEc 0) : PE_scope.
Notation "1" := (PEc 1) : PE_scope.
Infix "+" := PEadd : PE_scope.
Infix "-" := PEsub : PE_scope.
Infix "*" := PEmul : PE_scope.
Notation "- e" := (PEopp e) : PE_scope.
Infix "^" := PEpow : PE_scope.

Definition NPEequiv e e' := forall l, e@l == e'@l.
Infix "===" := NPEequiv (at level 70, no associativity) : PE_scope.

Instance NPEequiv_eq : Equivalence NPEequiv.

Instance NPEeval_ext : Proper (eq ==> NPEequiv ==> req) NPEeval.

Notation Nnorm :=
  (norm_subst cO cI cadd cmul csub copp ceqb cdiv).
Notation NPphi_dev :=
  (Pphi_dev rO rI radd rmul rsub ropp cO cI ceqb phi get_sign).
Notation NPphi_pow :=
  (Pphi_pow rO rI radd rmul rsub ropp cO cI ceqb phi Cp_phi rpow get_sign).

Add Ring Rring : (ARth_SRth ARth).


Lemma rsub_0_l r : 0 - r == - r.

Lemma rsub_0_r r : r - 0 == r.


Theorem rdiv_simpl p q : ~ q == 0 -> q * (p / q) == p.

Instance rdiv_ext: Proper (req ==> req ==> req) rdiv.

Lemma rmul_reg_l p q1 q2 :
  ~ p == 0 -> p * q1 == p * q2 -> q1 == q2.

Theorem field_is_integral_domain r1 r2 :
  ~ r1 == 0 -> ~ r2 == 0 -> ~ r1 * r2 == 0.

Theorem ropp_neq_0 r :
  ~ -(1) == 0 -> ~ r == 0 -> ~ -r == 0.

Theorem rdiv_r_r r : ~ r == 0 -> r / r == 1.

Theorem rdiv1 r : r == r / 1.

Theorem rdiv2 a b c d :
 ~ b == 0 ->
 ~ d == 0 ->
 a / b + c / d == (a * d + c * b) / (b * d).

Theorem rdiv2b a b c d e :
 ~ (b*e) == 0 ->
 ~ (d*e) == 0 ->
 a / (b*e) + c / (d*e) == (a * d + c * b) / (b * (d * e)).

Theorem rdiv5 a b : - (a / b) == - a / b.

Theorem rdiv3b a b c d e :
 ~ (b * e) == 0 ->
 ~ (d * e) == 0 ->
 a / (b*e) - c / (d*e) == (a * d - c * b) / (b * (d * e)).

Theorem rdiv6 a b :
 ~ a == 0 -> ~ b == 0 -> / (a / b) == b / a.

Theorem rdiv4 a b c d :
 ~ b == 0 ->
 ~ d == 0 ->
 (a / b) * (c / d) == (a * c) / (b * d).

Theorem rdiv4b a b c d e f :
 ~ b * e == 0 ->
 ~ d * f == 0 ->
 ((a * f) / (b * e)) * ((c * e) / (d * f)) == (a * c) / (b * d).

Theorem rdiv7 a b c d :
 ~ b == 0 ->
 ~ c == 0 ->
 ~ d == 0 ->
 (a / b) / (c / d) == (a * d) / (b * c).

Theorem rdiv7b a b c d e f :
 ~ b * f == 0 ->
 ~ c * e == 0 ->
 ~ d * f == 0 ->
 ((a * e) / (b * f)) / ((c * e) / (d * f)) == (a * d) / (b * c).

Theorem rinv_nz a : ~ a == 0 -> ~ /a == 0.

Theorem rdiv8 a b : ~ b == 0 -> a == 0 -> a / b == 0.

Theorem cross_product_eq a b c d :
  ~ b == 0 -> ~ d == 0 -> a * d == c * b -> a / b == c / d.


Instance pow_ext : Proper (req ==> eq ==> req) (pow_pos rmul).

Instance pow_N_ext : Proper (req ==> eq ==> req) (pow_N rI rmul).

Lemma pow_pos_0 p : pow_pos rmul 0 p == 0.

Lemma pow_pos_1 p : pow_pos rmul 1 p == 1.

Lemma pow_pos_cst c p : pow_pos rmul [c] p == [pow_pos cmul c p].

Lemma pow_pos_mul_l x y p :
 pow_pos rmul (x * y) p == pow_pos rmul x p * pow_pos rmul y p.

Lemma pow_pos_add_r x p1 p2 :
 pow_pos rmul x (p1+p2) == pow_pos rmul x p1 * pow_pos rmul x p2.

Lemma pow_pos_mul_r x p1 p2 :
  pow_pos rmul x (p1*p2) == pow_pos rmul (pow_pos rmul x p1) p2.

Lemma pow_pos_nz x p : ~x==0 -> ~pow_pos rmul x p == 0.

Lemma pow_pos_div a b p : ~ b == 0 ->
 pow_pos rmul (a / b) p == pow_pos rmul a p / pow_pos rmul b p.


Instance PEadd_ext : Proper (NPEequiv ==> NPEequiv ==> NPEequiv) (@PEadd C).
Instance PEsub_ext : Proper (NPEequiv ==> NPEequiv ==> NPEequiv) (@PEsub C).
Instance PEmul_ext : Proper (NPEequiv ==> NPEequiv ==> NPEequiv) (@PEmul C).
Instance PEopp_ext : Proper (NPEequiv ==> NPEequiv) (@PEopp C).
Instance PEpow_ext : Proper (NPEequiv ==> eq ==> NPEequiv) (@PEpow C).

Lemma PE_1_l (e : PExpr C) : (1 * e === e)%poly.

Lemma PE_1_r (e : PExpr C) : (e * 1 === e)%poly.

Lemma PEpow_0_r (e : PExpr C) : (e ^ 0 === 1)%poly.

Lemma PEpow_1_r (e : PExpr C) : (e ^ 1 === e)%poly.

Lemma PEpow_1_l n : (1 ^ n === 1)%poly.

Lemma PEpow_add_r (e : PExpr C) n n' :
 (e ^ (n+n') === e ^ n * e ^ n')%poly.

Lemma PEpow_mul_l (e e' : PExpr C) n :
 ((e * e') ^ n === e ^ n * e' ^ n)%poly.

Lemma PEpow_mul_r (e : PExpr C) n n' :
 (e ^ (n * n') === (e ^ n) ^ n')%poly.

Lemma PEpow_nz l e n : ~ e @ l == 0 -> ~ (e^n) @ l == 0.



Fixpoint PExpr_eq (e e' : PExpr C) {struct e} : bool :=
 match e, e' with
  | PEc c, PEc c' => ceqb c c'
  | PEX _ p, PEX _ p' => Pos.eqb p p'
  | e1 + e2, e1' + e2' => PExpr_eq e1 e1' &&& PExpr_eq e2 e2'
  | e1 - e2, e1' - e2' => PExpr_eq e1 e1' &&& PExpr_eq e2 e2'
  | e1 * e2, e1' * e2' => PExpr_eq e1 e1' &&& PExpr_eq e2 e2'
  | - e, - e' => PExpr_eq e e'
  | e ^ n, e' ^ n' => N.eqb n n' &&& PExpr_eq e e'
  | _, _ => false
 end%poly.

Lemma if_true (a b : bool) : a &&& b = true -> a = true /\ b = true.

Theorem PExpr_eq_semi_ok e e' :
 PExpr_eq e e' = true -> (e === e')%poly.

Lemma PExpr_eq_spec e e' : BoolSpec (e === e')%poly True (PExpr_eq e e').

Smart constructors for polynomial expression, with reduction of constants

Definition NPEadd e1 e2 :=
  match e1, e2 with
  | PEc c1, PEc c2 => PEc (c1 + c2)
  | PEc c, _ => if (c =? 0)%coef then e2 else e1 + e2
  | _, PEc c => if (c =? 0)%coef then e1 else e1 + e2
    
  | _, _ => (e1 + e2)
  end%poly.
Infix "++" := NPEadd (at level 60, right associativity).

Theorem NPEadd_ok e1 e2 : (e1 ++ e2 === e1 + e2)%poly.

Definition NPEsub e1 e2 :=
  match e1, e2 with
  | PEc c1, PEc c2 => PEc (c1 - c2)
  | PEc c, _ => if (c =? 0)%coef then - e2 else e1 - e2
  | _, PEc c => if (c =? 0)%coef then e1 else e1 - e2
     
  | _, _ => e1 - e2
  end%poly.
Infix "--" := NPEsub (at level 50, left associativity).

Theorem NPEsub_ok e1 e2: (e1 -- e2 === e1 - e2)%poly.

Definition NPEopp e1 :=
  match e1 with PEc c1 => PEc (- c1) | _ => - e1 end%poly.

Theorem NPEopp_ok e : (NPEopp e === -e)%poly.

Definition NPEpow x n :=
  match n with
  | N0 => 1
  | Npos p =>
    if (p =? 1)%positive then x else
    match x with
    | PEc c =>
      if (c =? 1)%coef then 1
      else if (c =? 0)%coef then 0
      else PEc (pow_pos cmul c p)
    | _ => x ^ n
    end
  end%poly.
Infix "^^" := NPEpow (at level 35, right associativity).

Theorem NPEpow_ok e n : (e ^^ n === e ^ n)%poly.

Fixpoint NPEmul (x y : PExpr C) {struct x} : PExpr C :=
  match x, y with
  | PEc c1, PEc c2 => PEc (c1 * c2)
  | PEc c, _ => if (c =? 1)%coef then y else if (c =? 0)%coef then 0 else x * y
  | _, PEc c => if (c =? 1)%coef then x else if (c =? 0)%coef then 0 else x * y
  | e1 ^ n1, e2 ^ n2 => if (n1 =? n2)%N then (NPEmul e1 e2)^^n1 else x * y
  | _, _ => x * y
  end%poly.
Infix "**" := NPEmul (at level 40, left associativity).

Theorem NPEmul_ok e1 e2 : (e1 ** e2 === e1 * e2)%poly.

Fixpoint PEsimp (e : PExpr C) : PExpr C :=
 match e with
  | e1 + e2 => (PEsimp e1) ++ (PEsimp e2)
  | e1 * e2 => (PEsimp e1) ** (PEsimp e2)
  | e1 - e2 => (PEsimp e1) -- (PEsimp e2)
  | - e1 => NPEopp (PEsimp e1)
  | e1 ^ n1 => (PEsimp e1) ^^ n1
  | _ => e
 end%poly.

Theorem PEsimp_ok e : (PEsimp e === e)%poly.



Inductive FExpr : Type :=
 | FEO : FExpr
 | FEI : FExpr
 | FEc: C -> FExpr
 | FEX: positive -> FExpr
 | FEadd: FExpr -> FExpr -> FExpr
 | FEsub: FExpr -> FExpr -> FExpr
 | FEmul: FExpr -> FExpr -> FExpr
 | FEopp: FExpr -> FExpr
 | FEinv: FExpr -> FExpr
 | FEdiv: FExpr -> FExpr -> FExpr
 | FEpow: FExpr -> N -> FExpr .

Fixpoint FEeval (l : list R) (pe : FExpr) {struct pe} : R :=
  match pe with
  | FEO => rO
  | FEI => rI
  | FEc c => phi c
  | FEX x => BinList.nth 0 x l
  | FEadd x y => FEeval l x + FEeval l y
  | FEsub x y => FEeval l x - FEeval l y
  | FEmul x y => FEeval l x * FEeval l y
  | FEopp x => - FEeval l x
  | FEinv x => / FEeval l x
  | FEdiv x y => FEeval l x / FEeval l y
  | FEpow x n => rpow (FEeval l x) (Cp_phi n)
  end.



Record linear : Type := mk_linear {
   num : PExpr C;
   denum : PExpr C;
   condition : list (PExpr C) }.


Fixpoint PCond (l : list R) (le : list (PExpr C)) {struct le} : Prop :=
  match le with
  | nil => True
  | e1 :: nil => ~ req (e1 @ l) rO
  | e1 :: l1 => ~ req (e1 @ l) rO /\ PCond l l1
  end.

Theorem PCond_cons l a l1 :
 PCond l (a :: l1) <-> ~ a @ l == 0 /\ PCond l l1.

Theorem PCond_cons_inv_l l a l1 : PCond l (a::l1) -> ~ a @ l == 0.

Theorem PCond_cons_inv_r l a l1 : PCond l (a :: l1) -> PCond l l1.

Theorem PCond_app l l1 l2 :
 PCond l (l1 ++ l2) <-> PCond l l1 /\ PCond l l2.

Definition absurd_PCond := cons 0%poly nil.

Lemma absurd_PCond_bottom : forall l, ~ PCond l absurd_PCond.


Definition default_isIn e1 p1 e2 p2 :=
  if PExpr_eq e1 e2 then
    match Z.pos_sub p1 p2 with
     | Zpos p => Some (Npos p, 1%poly)
     | Z0 => Some (N0, 1%poly)
     | Zneg p => Some (N0, e2 ^^ Npos p)
    end
  else None.

Fixpoint isIn e1 p1 e2 p2 {struct e2}: option (N * PExpr C) :=
  match e2 with
  | e3 * e4 =>
       match isIn e1 p1 e3 p2 with
       | Some (N0, e5) => Some (N0, e5 ** (e4 ^^ Npos p2))
       | Some (Npos p, e5) =>
          match isIn e1 p e4 p2 with
          | Some (n, e6) => Some (n, e5 ** e6)
          | None => Some (Npos p, e5 ** (e4 ^^ Npos p2))
          end
       | None =>
         match isIn e1 p1 e4 p2 with
         | Some (n, e5) => Some (n, (e3 ^^ Npos p2) ** e5)
         | None => None
         end
       end
  | e3 ^ N0 => None
  | e3 ^ Npos p3 => isIn e1 p1 e3 (Pos.mul p3 p2)
  | _ => default_isIn e1 p1 e2 p2
   end%poly.

 Definition ZtoN z := match z with Zpos p => Npos p | _ => N0 end.
 Definition NtoZ n := match n with Npos p => Zpos p | _ => Z0 end.

 Lemma Z_pos_sub_gt p q : (p > q)%positive ->
  Z.pos_sub p q = Zpos (p - q).

 Ltac simpl_pos_sub := rewrite ?Z_pos_sub_gt in * by assumption.

 Lemma default_isIn_ok e1 e2 p1 p2 :
  match default_isIn e1 p1 e2 p2 with
   | Some(n, e3) =>
       let n' := ZtoN (Zpos p1 - NtoZ n) in
       (e2 ^ N.pos p2 === e1 ^ n' * e3)%poly
       /\ (Zpos p1 > NtoZ n)%Z
   | _ => True
  end.

Ltac npe_simpl := rewrite ?NPEmul_ok, ?NPEpow_ok, ?PEpow_mul_l.
Ltac npe_ring := intro l; simpl; ring.

Theorem isIn_ok e1 p1 e2 p2 :
  match isIn e1 p1 e2 p2 with
   | Some(n, e3) =>
       let n' := ZtoN (Zpos p1 - NtoZ n) in
       (e2 ^ N.pos p2 === e1 ^ n' * e3)%poly
       /\ (Zpos p1 > NtoZ n)%Z
   | _ => True
  end.
Opaque NPEpow.

Record rsplit : Type := mk_rsplit {
   rsplit_left : PExpr C;
   rsplit_common : PExpr C;
   rsplit_right : PExpr C}.

Notation left := rsplit_left.
Notation right := rsplit_right.
Notation common := rsplit_common.

Fixpoint split_aux e1 p e2 {struct e1}: rsplit :=
  match e1 with
  | e3 * e4 =>
      let r1 := split_aux e3 p e2 in
      let r2 := split_aux e4 p (right r1) in
      mk_rsplit (left r1 ** left r2)
                (common r1 ** common r2)
                (right r2)
  | e3 ^ N0 => mk_rsplit 1 1 e2
  | e3 ^ Npos p3 => split_aux e3 (Pos.mul p3 p) e2
  | _ =>
       match isIn e1 p e2 1 with
       | Some (N0,e3) => mk_rsplit 1 (e1 ^^ Npos p) e3
       | Some (Npos q, e3) => mk_rsplit (e1 ^^ Npos q) (e1 ^^ Npos (p - q)) e3
       | None => mk_rsplit (e1 ^^ Npos p) 1 e2
       end
  end%poly.

Lemma split_aux_ok1 e1 p e2 :
  (let res := match isIn e1 p e2 1 with
       | Some (N0,e3) => mk_rsplit 1 (e1 ^^ Npos p) e3
       | Some (Npos q, e3) => mk_rsplit (e1 ^^ Npos q) (e1 ^^ Npos (p - q)) e3
       | None => mk_rsplit (e1 ^^ Npos p) 1 e2
       end
  in
  e1 ^ Npos p === left res * common res
  /\ e2 === right res * common res)%poly.
 Opaque NPEpow NPEmul.

Theorem split_aux_ok: forall e1 p e2,
  (e1 ^ Npos p === left (split_aux e1 p e2) * common (split_aux e1 p e2)
  /\ e2 === right (split_aux e1 p e2) * common (split_aux e1 p e2))%poly.

Definition split e1 e2 := split_aux e1 xH e2.

Theorem split_ok_l e1 e2 :
  (e1 === left (split e1 e2) * common (split e1 e2))%poly.

Theorem split_ok_r e1 e2 :
  (e2 === right (split e1 e2) * common (split e1 e2))%poly.

Lemma split_nz_l l e1 e2 :
 ~ e1 @ l == 0 -> ~ left (split e1 e2) @ l == 0.

Lemma split_nz_r l e1 e2 :
 ~ e2 @ l == 0 -> ~ right (split e1 e2) @ l == 0.

Fixpoint Fnorm (e : FExpr) : linear :=
  match e with
  | FEO => mk_linear 0 1 nil
  | FEI => mk_linear 1 1 nil
  | FEc c => mk_linear (PEc c) 1 nil
  | FEX x => mk_linear (PEX C x) 1 nil
  | FEadd e1 e2 =>
      let x := Fnorm e1 in
      let y := Fnorm e2 in
      let s := split (denum x) (denum y) in
      mk_linear
        ((num x ** right s) ++ (num y ** left s))
        (left s ** (right s ** common s))
        (condition x ++ condition y)%list
  | FEsub e1 e2 =>
      let x := Fnorm e1 in
      let y := Fnorm e2 in
      let s := split (denum x) (denum y) in
      mk_linear
        ((num x ** right s) -- (num y ** left s))
        (left s ** (right s ** common s))
        (condition x ++ condition y)%list
  | FEmul e1 e2 =>
      let x := Fnorm e1 in
      let y := Fnorm e2 in
      let s1 := split (num x) (denum y) in
      let s2 := split (num y) (denum x) in
      mk_linear (left s1 ** left s2)
        (right s2 ** right s1)
        (condition x ++ condition y)%list
  | FEopp e1 =>
      let x := Fnorm e1 in
      mk_linear (NPEopp (num x)) (denum x) (condition x)
  | FEinv e1 =>
      let x := Fnorm e1 in
      mk_linear (denum x) (num x) (num x :: condition x)
  | FEdiv e1 e2 =>
      let x := Fnorm e1 in
      let y := Fnorm e2 in
      let s1 := split (num x) (num y) in
      let s2 := split (denum x) (denum y) in
      mk_linear (left s1 ** right s2)
        (left s2 ** right s1)
        (num y :: condition x ++ condition y)%list
  | FEpow e1 n =>
      let x := Fnorm e1 in
      mk_linear ((num x)^^n) ((denum x)^^n) (condition x)
  end.


Theorem Pcond_Fnorm l e :
 PCond l (condition (Fnorm e)) -> ~ (denum (Fnorm e))@l == 0.


Ltac uneval :=
 repeat match goal with
  | |- context [ ?x @ ?l * ?y @ ?l ] => change (x@l * y@l) with ((x*y)@l)
  | |- context [ ?x @ ?l + ?y @ ?l ] => change (x@l + y@l) with ((x+y)@l)
 end.

Theorem Fnorm_FEeval_PEeval l fe:
 PCond l (condition (Fnorm fe)) ->
 FEeval l fe == (num (Fnorm fe)) @ l / (denum (Fnorm fe)) @ l.

Theorem Fnorm_crossproduct l fe1 fe2 :
 let nfe1 := Fnorm fe1 in
 let nfe2 := Fnorm fe2 in
 (num nfe1 * denum nfe2) @ l == (num nfe2 * denum nfe1) @ l ->
 PCond l (condition nfe1 ++ condition nfe2) ->
 FEeval l fe1 == FEeval l fe2.

Notation Ninterp_PElist :=
  (interp_PElist rO rI radd rmul rsub ropp req phi Cp_phi rpow).
Notation Nmk_monpol_list :=
  (mk_monpol_list cO cI cadd cmul csub copp ceqb cdiv).

Theorem Fnorm_ok:
 forall n l lpe fe,
  Ninterp_PElist l lpe ->
  Peq ceqb (Nnorm n (Nmk_monpol_list lpe) (num (Fnorm fe))) (Pc cO) = true ->
  PCond l (condition (Fnorm fe)) -> FEeval l fe == 0.

Notation ring_rw_correct :=
 (ring_rw_correct Rsth Reqe ARth CRmorph pow_th cdiv_th get_sign_spec).

Notation ring_rw_pow_correct :=
 (ring_rw_pow_correct Rsth Reqe ARth CRmorph pow_th cdiv_th get_sign_spec).

Notation ring_correct :=
 (ring_correct Rsth Reqe ARth CRmorph pow_th cdiv_th).

Definition display_linear l num den :=
  NPphi_dev l num / NPphi_dev l den.

Definition display_pow_linear l num den :=
  NPphi_pow l num / NPphi_pow l den.

Theorem Field_rw_correct n lpe l :
   Ninterp_PElist l lpe ->
   forall lmp, Nmk_monpol_list lpe = lmp ->
   forall fe nfe, Fnorm fe = nfe ->
   PCond l (condition nfe) ->
   FEeval l fe ==
     display_linear l (Nnorm n lmp (num nfe)) (Nnorm n lmp (denum nfe)).

Theorem Field_rw_pow_correct n lpe l :
   Ninterp_PElist l lpe ->
   forall lmp, Nmk_monpol_list lpe = lmp ->
   forall fe nfe, Fnorm fe = nfe ->
   PCond l (condition nfe) ->
   FEeval l fe ==
     display_pow_linear l (Nnorm n lmp (num nfe)) (Nnorm n lmp (denum nfe)).

Theorem Field_correct n l lpe fe1 fe2 :
 Ninterp_PElist l lpe ->
 forall lmp, Nmk_monpol_list lpe = lmp ->
 forall nfe1, Fnorm fe1 = nfe1 ->
 forall nfe2, Fnorm fe2 = nfe2 ->
 Peq ceqb (Nnorm n lmp (num nfe1 * denum nfe2))
          (Nnorm n lmp (num nfe2 * denum nfe1)) = true ->
 PCond l (condition nfe1 ++ condition nfe2) ->
 FEeval l fe1 == FEeval l fe2.


This allows rewriting modulo the simplification of PEeval on PMul

Theorem Field_simplify_eq_correct :
 forall n l lpe fe1 fe2,
    Ninterp_PElist l lpe ->
 forall lmp, Nmk_monpol_list lpe = lmp ->
 forall nfe1, Fnorm fe1 = nfe1 ->
 forall nfe2, Fnorm fe2 = nfe2 ->
 forall den, split (denum nfe1) (denum nfe2) = den ->
 NPphi_dev l (Nnorm n lmp (num nfe1 * right den)) ==
 NPphi_dev l (Nnorm n lmp (num nfe2 * left den)) ->
 PCond l (condition nfe1 ++ condition nfe2) ->
 FEeval l fe1 == FEeval l fe2.

Theorem Field_simplify_eq_pow_correct :
 forall n l lpe fe1 fe2,
    Ninterp_PElist l lpe ->
 forall lmp, Nmk_monpol_list lpe = lmp ->
 forall nfe1, Fnorm fe1 = nfe1 ->
 forall nfe2, Fnorm fe2 = nfe2 ->
 forall den, split (denum nfe1) (denum nfe2) = den ->
 NPphi_pow l (Nnorm n lmp (num nfe1 * right den)) ==
 NPphi_pow l (Nnorm n lmp (num nfe2 * left den)) ->
 PCond l (condition nfe1 ++ condition nfe2) ->
 FEeval l fe1 == FEeval l fe2.

Theorem Field_simplify_aux_ok l fe1 fe2 den :
 FEeval l fe1 == FEeval l fe2 ->
 split (denum (Fnorm fe1)) (denum (Fnorm fe2)) = den ->
 PCond l (condition (Fnorm fe1) ++ condition (Fnorm fe2)) ->
 (num (Fnorm fe1) * right den) @ l == (num (Fnorm fe2) * left den) @ l.

Theorem Field_simplify_eq_pow_in_correct :
 forall n l lpe fe1 fe2,
    Ninterp_PElist l lpe ->
 forall lmp, Nmk_monpol_list lpe = lmp ->
 forall nfe1, Fnorm fe1 = nfe1 ->
 forall nfe2, Fnorm fe2 = nfe2 ->
 forall den, split (denum nfe1) (denum nfe2) = den ->
 forall np1, Nnorm n lmp (num nfe1 * right den) = np1 ->
 forall np2, Nnorm n lmp (num nfe2 * left den) = np2 ->
 FEeval l fe1 == FEeval l fe2 ->
 PCond l (condition nfe1 ++ condition nfe2) ->
 NPphi_pow l np1 ==
 NPphi_pow l np2.

Theorem Field_simplify_eq_in_correct :
forall n l lpe fe1 fe2,
    Ninterp_PElist l lpe ->
 forall lmp, Nmk_monpol_list lpe = lmp ->
 forall nfe1, Fnorm fe1 = nfe1 ->
 forall nfe2, Fnorm fe2 = nfe2 ->
 forall den, split (denum nfe1) (denum nfe2) = den ->
 forall np1, Nnorm n lmp (num nfe1 * right den) = np1 ->
 forall np2, Nnorm n lmp (num nfe2 * left den) = np2 ->
 FEeval l fe1 == FEeval l fe2 ->
 PCond l (condition nfe1 ++ condition nfe2) ->
 NPphi_dev l np1 == NPphi_dev l np2.

Section Fcons_impl.

Variable Fcons : PExpr C -> list (PExpr C) -> list (PExpr C).

Hypothesis PCond_fcons_inv : forall l a l1,
  PCond l (Fcons a l1) -> ~ a @ l == 0 /\ PCond l l1.

Fixpoint Fapp (l m:list (PExpr C)) {struct l} : list (PExpr C) :=
  match l with
  | nil => m
  | cons a l1 => Fcons a (Fapp l1 m)
  end.

Lemma fcons_ok : forall l l1,
  (forall lock, lock = PCond l -> lock (Fapp l1 nil)) -> PCond l l1.

End Fcons_impl.

Section Fcons_simpl.


Fixpoint Fcons (e:PExpr C) (l:list (PExpr C)) {struct l} : list (PExpr C) :=
 match l with
   nil => cons e nil
 | cons a l1 => if PExpr_eq e a then l else cons a (Fcons e l1)
 end.

Theorem PFcons_fcons_inv:
 forall l a l1, PCond l (Fcons a l1) -> ~ a @ l == 0 /\ PCond l l1.

Fixpoint Fcons0 (e:PExpr C) (l:list (PExpr C)) {struct l} : list (PExpr C) :=
 match l with
   nil => cons e nil
 | cons a l1 =>
     if Peq ceqb (Nnorm O nil e) (Nnorm O nil a) then l
     else cons a (Fcons0 e l1)
 end.

Theorem PFcons0_fcons_inv:
 forall l a l1, PCond l (Fcons0 a l1) -> ~ a @ l == 0 /\ PCond l l1.

Fixpoint Fcons00 (e:PExpr C) (l:list (PExpr C)) {struct e} : list (PExpr C) :=
 match e with
   PEmul e1 e2 => Fcons00 e1 (Fcons00 e2 l)
 | PEpow e1 _ => Fcons00 e1 l
 | _ => Fcons0 e l
 end.

Theorem PFcons00_fcons_inv:
  forall l a l1, PCond l (Fcons00 a l1) -> ~ a @ l == 0 /\ PCond l l1.

Definition Pcond_simpl_gen :=
  fcons_ok _ PFcons00_fcons_inv.


Hypothesis ceqb_complete : forall c1 c2, [c1] == [c2] -> ceqb c1 c2 = true.

Lemma ceqb_spec' c1 c2 : Bool.reflect ([c1] == [c2]) (ceqb c1 c2).

Fixpoint Fcons1 (e:PExpr C) (l:list (PExpr C)) {struct e} : list (PExpr C) :=
 match e with
 | PEmul e1 e2 => Fcons1 e1 (Fcons1 e2 l)
 | PEpow e _ => Fcons1 e l
 | PEopp e => if (-(1) =? 0)%coef then absurd_PCond else Fcons1 e l
 | PEc c => if (c =? 0)%coef then absurd_PCond else l
 | _ => Fcons0 e l
 end.

Theorem PFcons1_fcons_inv:
  forall l a l1, PCond l (Fcons1 a l1) -> ~ a @ l == 0 /\ PCond l l1.

Definition Fcons2 e l := Fcons1 (PEsimp e) l.

Theorem PFcons2_fcons_inv:
 forall l a l1, PCond l (Fcons2 a l1) -> ~ a @ l == 0 /\ PCond l l1.

Definition Pcond_simpl_complete :=
  fcons_ok _ PFcons2_fcons_inv.

End Fcons_simpl.

End AlmostField.

Section FieldAndSemiField.

  Record field_theory : Prop := mk_field {
    F_R : ring_theory rO rI radd rmul rsub ropp req;
    F_1_neq_0 : ~ 1 == 0;
    Fdiv_def : forall p q, p / q == p * / q;
    Finv_l : forall p, ~ p == 0 -> / p * p == 1
  }.

  Definition F2AF f :=
    mk_afield
      (Rth_ARth Rsth Reqe f.(F_R)) f.(F_1_neq_0) f.(Fdiv_def) f.(Finv_l).

  Record semi_field_theory : Prop := mk_sfield {
    SF_SR : semi_ring_theory rO rI radd rmul req;
    SF_1_neq_0 : ~ 1 == 0;
    SFdiv_def : forall p q, p / q == p * / q;
    SFinv_l : forall p, ~ p == 0 -> / p * p == 1
  }.

End FieldAndSemiField.

End MakeFieldPol.

  Definition SF2AF R (rO rI:R) radd rmul rdiv rinv req Rsth
    (sf:semi_field_theory rO rI radd rmul rdiv rinv req) :=
    mk_afield _ _
      (SRth_ARth Rsth sf.(SF_SR))
      sf.(SF_1_neq_0)
      sf.(SFdiv_def)
      sf.(SFinv_l).

Section Complete.
 Variable R : Type.
 Variable (rO rI : R) (radd rmul rsub: R->R->R) (ropp : R -> R).
 Variable (rdiv : R -> R -> R) (rinv : R -> R).
 Variable req : R -> R -> Prop.
  Notation "0" := rO. Notation "1" := rI.
  Notation "x + y" := (radd x y). Notation "x * y " := (rmul x y).
  Notation "x - y " := (rsub x y). Notation "- x" := (ropp x).
  Notation "x / y " := (rdiv x y). Notation "/ x" := (rinv x).
  Notation "x == y" := (req x y) (at level 70, no associativity).
 Variable Rsth : Setoid_Theory R req.
   Add Parametric Relation : R req
     reflexivity proved by Rsth.(@Equivalence_Reflexive _ _)
     symmetry proved by Rsth.(@Equivalence_Symmetric _ _)
     transitivity proved by Rsth.(@Equivalence_Transitive _ _)
    as R_setoid3.
 Variable Reqe : ring_eq_ext radd rmul ropp req.
   Add Morphism radd with signature (req ==> req ==> req) as radd_ext3.
   Add Morphism rmul with signature (req ==> req ==> req) as rmul_ext3.
   Add Morphism ropp with signature (req ==> req) as ropp_ext3.

Section AlmostField.

 Variable AFth : almost_field_theory rO rI radd rmul rsub ropp rdiv rinv req.
 Let ARth := AFth.(AF_AR).
 Let rI_neq_rO := AFth.(AF_1_neq_0).
 Let rdiv_def := AFth.(AFdiv_def).
 Let rinv_l := AFth.(AFinv_l).

Hypothesis S_inj : forall x y, 1+x==1+y -> x==y.

Hypothesis gen_phiPOS_not_0 : forall p, ~ gen_phiPOS1 rI radd rmul p == 0.

Lemma add_inj_r p x y :
   gen_phiPOS1 rI radd rmul p + x == gen_phiPOS1 rI radd rmul p + y -> x==y.

Lemma gen_phiPOS_inj x y :
  gen_phiPOS rI radd rmul x == gen_phiPOS rI radd rmul y ->
  x = y.

Lemma gen_phiN_inj x y :
  gen_phiN rO rI radd rmul x == gen_phiN rO rI radd rmul y ->
  x = y.

Lemma gen_phiN_complete x y :
  gen_phiN rO rI radd rmul x == gen_phiN rO rI radd rmul y ->
  N.eqb x y = true.

End AlmostField.

Section Field.

 Variable Fth : field_theory rO rI radd rmul rsub ropp rdiv rinv req.
 Let Rth := Fth.(F_R).
 Let rI_neq_rO := Fth.(F_1_neq_0).
 Let rdiv_def := Fth.(Fdiv_def).
 Let rinv_l := Fth.(Finv_l).
 Let AFth := F2AF Rsth Reqe Fth.
 Let ARth := Rth_ARth Rsth Reqe Rth.

Lemma ring_S_inj x y : 1+x==1+y -> x==y.

Hypothesis gen_phiPOS_not_0 : forall p, ~ gen_phiPOS1 rI radd rmul p == 0.

Let gen_phiPOS_inject :=
   gen_phiPOS_inj AFth ring_S_inj gen_phiPOS_not_0.

Lemma gen_phiPOS_discr_sgn x y :
  ~ gen_phiPOS rI radd rmul x == - gen_phiPOS rI radd rmul y.

Lemma gen_phiZ_inj x y :
  gen_phiZ rO rI radd rmul ropp x == gen_phiZ rO rI radd rmul ropp y ->
  x = y.

Lemma gen_phiZ_complete x y :
  gen_phiZ rO rI radd rmul ropp x == gen_phiZ rO rI radd rmul ropp y ->
  Zeq_bool x y = true.

End Field.

End Complete.