/*
** Name:      complex.cxx
** Author:    Leo Liberti
** Purpose:   implementation of a complex numbers class
** Source:    GNU C++
** History:   061019 work started
              120124 revision - presented to X09 students
*/

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<sstream>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cmath>
#include "complex.h"

const char charPlusOp = '+';
const char charMinusOp = '-';
const char charIValue = 'i';

Complex::Complex() : real(0.0), imag(0.0) { }

Complex::Complex(double re, double im) : real(re), imag(im) { }

Complex::~Complex() { }

double Complex::getReal(void) {
  return real;
}

double Complex::getImaginary(void) {
  return imag;
}

void Complex::setReal(double re) {
  real = re;
}

void Complex::setImaginary(double im) {
  imag = im;
}

void Complex::fromString(const std::string& complexString) { 
  using namespace std;
  string realString;
  string imagString;
  stringstream stringBufReal;
  stringstream stringBufImag;
  int opPos = complexString.find(charPlusOp);
  int iPos;
  if (opPos != complexString.npos) {
    // deal with cases re + im i
    realString = complexString.substr(0, opPos);
    stringBufReal.str(realString);
    stringBufReal >> real;
    imagString = complexString.substr(opPos + 1);
    stringBufImag.str(imagString);
    stringBufImag >> imag;
    if (imag == 0) {
      // case re + i;
      imag = 1;
    }
  } else {
    opPos = complexString.find(charMinusOp);
    if (opPos != complexString.npos && opPos > 0) {
      // deal with cases re - im i
      realString = complexString.substr(0, opPos);
      stringBufReal.str(realString);
      stringBufReal >> real;
      imagString = complexString.substr(opPos + 1);
      stringBufImag.str(imagString);
      stringBufImag >> imag;
      if (imag == 0) {
	// case re - i;
	imag = 1;
      }
      imag = -imag;
    } else {
      opPos = complexString.find(charIValue);
      if (opPos != complexString.npos) {
	// deal with case im i
	imagString = complexString.substr(0, opPos);
	stringBufImag.str(imagString);
	stringBufImag >> imag;
      } else {
	// deal with case re
	stringBufReal.str(complexString);
	stringBufReal >> real;
      }
    }
  }
}

Complex Complex::operator+(Complex& theComplex) {
  return Complex(real + theComplex.getReal(), imag + theComplex.getImaginary());
}

Complex Complex::operator-(Complex& theComplex) {
  return Complex(real - theComplex.getReal(), imag - theComplex.getImaginary());
}

Complex Complex::operator*(Complex& theComplex) {
  double re = real * theComplex.getReal() - imag * theComplex.getImaginary();
  double im = imag * theComplex.getReal() + real * theComplex.getImaginary();
  return Complex(re, im);
}

Complex Complex::operator/(Complex& theComplex) {
  double c = theComplex.getReal();
  double d = theComplex.getImaginary();
  double denom = c*c + d*d;
  double re;
  double im;
  if (denom == 0) {
    re = 1e100;
    im = 1e100;
  } else {
    re = (real*c + imag*d) / denom;
    im = (imag*c - real*d) / denom;
  }
  return Complex(re, im);
}

std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, Complex& theComplex) {
  using namespace std;
  double re = theComplex.getReal();
  double im = theComplex.getImaginary();
  if (im > 0 && re != 0) {
    if (im != 1) {
      out << re << " + " << im << "i";
    } else {
      out << re << " +i";
    }
  } else if (im < 0 && re != 0) {
    if (im != -1) {
      out << re << " - " << fabs(im) << "i";
    } else {
      out << re << " -i";
    }
  } else if (re == 0) {
    out << im << "i";
  } else if (im == 0) {
    out << re;
  }
  return out;
}