GIML: Tutorial Five

More Recursive Functions

1. Type in and test the following functions, be sure that you understand what each does: fun index(0, h::t) = h | index(n, h::t) = index(n-1, t); fun takeN(0, h::t) = nil | takeN(n, h::t) = h :: takeN(n-1, t); fun dropN(0, x) = x | dropN(n, h::t) = dropN(n-1,t);
2. Sorting. The insert function inserts an integer into an ordered list: fun insert (n:int) nil = [n] | insert n (h::t) = if (n<h) then ... else ... Complete the definition and test insert. To sort a list we proceed recursively. Sorting the empty list is trivial, sorting a list (h::t) is a matter of inserting h into the sort t fun sort nil = nil | sort (h::t) = ...
3. Define the function upto: upto 5 8 = [5,6,7,8]
4. The following functions are required in the next diversion a) The function dropSpace returns a list with leading spaces removed. The function takeSpace returns just the leading spaces. fun dropSpace nil = nil | dropSpace(h::t) = if h=" " then dropSpace t else h::t; fun takeSpace nil = nil | takeSpace (h::t)= if h=" " then h::takeSpace(t) else nil; Test these on exploded strings which start with spaces. Define the function dropNonSpace and takeNonSpace and use them to define firstWord and butFirstWord such that: firstWord(explode "One fine day") = "One" implode(butFirstWord(explode "One fine day")) = "fine day"